Togs (generalizations of Two-graphs)
نویسنده
چکیده
We generalize two-graphs (\unitogs") to \togs", structures consisting of sets of polygons or cycles in a graph that satisfy speciied relations. Togs are equivalent to switching classes of signings of a particular base graph. We develop a mechanism for generating and proving examples and apply it to unitogs (based on complete graphs), bipartite, tripartite, and multi-partite togs (based on complete multipartite graphs), circular togs (based on complete circular multipartite graphs), Hamming togs (based on Hamming graphs), and Johnson togs (based on Johnson graphs, whose nodes are the r-subsets of a set, with adjacency corresponding to (r ? 1)-element overlap). We also explore the possibility of generalizing unitogs to set families which are determined by the sets on any one point. In some examples such a \residually determined" family must be a tog or one of a few exceptional families.
منابع مشابه
ANNIHILATING SUBMODULE GRAPHS FOR MODULES OVER COMMUTATIVE RINGS
In this article, we give several generalizations of the concept of annihilating ideal graph over a commutative ring with identity to modules. Weobserve that over a commutative ring $R$, $Bbb{AG}_*(_RM)$ isconnected and diam$Bbb{AG}_*(_RM)leq 3$. Moreover, if $Bbb{AG}_*(_RM)$ contains a cycle, then $mbox{gr}Bbb{AG}_*(_RM)leq 4$. Also for an $R$-module $M$ with$Bbb{A}_*(M)neq S(M)setminus {0}$, $...
متن کاملOld and new generalizations of line graphs
The line graph L(G) of a graph G is defined to have as its vertices the edges of G, with two being adjacent if the corresponding edges share a vertex in G. Line graphs have a rich history. The name line graph was first used by Harary and Norman in 1960. But line graphs were the subject of investigation as far back as 1932 in a paper by H. Whitney in which he showed that for connected graphs, ed...
متن کاملOn two generalizations of semi-projective modules: SGQ-projective and $pi$-semi-projective
Let $R$ be a ring and $M$ a right $R$-module with $S=End_R(M)$. A module $M$ is called semi-projective if for any epimorphism $f:Mrightarrow N$, where $N$ is a submodule of $M$, and for any homomorphism $g: Mrightarrow N$, there exists $h:Mrightarrow M$ such that $fh=g$. In this paper, we study SGQ-projective and $pi$-semi-projective modules as two generalizations of semi-projective modules. A ...
متن کاملGENERALIZATIONS OF delta-LIFTING MODULES
In this paper we introduce the notions of G∗L-module and G∗L-module whichare two proper generalizations of δ-lifting modules. We give some characteriza tions and properties of these modules. We show that a G∗L-module decomposesinto a semisimple submodule M1 and a submodule M2 of M such that every non-zero submodule of M2 contains a non-zero δ-cosingular submodule.
متن کاملGeneralizations of the Skew t-Normal Distribution and their Properties
In this paper we consider several generalizations of the skew t-normal distribution, and some of their properties. Also, we represent several theorems for constructing each generalized skew t-normal distribution. Next, we illustrate the application of the proposed distribution studying the ratio of two heavy metals, Nickel and Vanadium, associated with crude oil in Shadgan wetland in the south-...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1986